Since the 1980s, the flow of international capital has undergone tremendous changes, showing a series of typical characteristics, LTG
Goldrolk to share with you these features!
International direct investment high -speed growth
Since the 1980s, there have been two periods of direct investment in international investment: First, the second half of the 1980s.According to statistics, from 1986-1990, international investment outflows increased at an average of 34%per year; the absolute amount of the annual outflows also increased, with 53.3 billion US dollars in 1985, as high as 225 billion U.S. dollars in 1990; the cumulative accumulated international investment from 1985The year -old $ 683.6 billion increased to $ 1.7 trillion in 1990.The second is since 1995.In 1995, the total direct investment of international direct investment reached 315 billion US dollars, an increase of 40%, reaching 349 billion US dollars in 1996, an increase of 11%;
$ 24 billion, an increase of 25%.The global direct investment in 1997 did not decrease due to the Asian financial crisis, and it generally increased in various places.
The international capital market quickly expands
The scale of the international capital market mainly refers to the number of international lending (medium- and long -term) and international securities investment.By the end of the 1980s, the market size was about $ 5 trillion, 34 times in 1970.Throughout the 1980s, the capital volume of the financial market increased by 16.5%each year, far exceeding the annual growth of 5%of the world's commodity trade. In the 1990s, the market further expanded.According to data, as of the end of July 1997, the total amount of international banks reached 996.98 billion US dollars, with a net amount of 5235 billion US dollars.By December 1997, the total number of international securities issued was as high as US $ 3531.4 billion.The issuance of securities here includes international bonds, currency market tools, and European bills.If the stock market is calculated, the scale of the international capital market will enter-swelling.In 1997, most developed countries' stock markets reached the level of or close to the record.The U.S. Jones Index doubled from 1992-1996, and broke through the 9,000-point mark in 1998.It is currently as high as 11,000 points.The prosperity of bonds, stock markets and merchandise markets is a significant feature of the development of the international capital market since 1997.
International foreign exchange market transaction volume expands
The short -term funds in the international financial market and the flow of long -term capital markets are basically reflected in various transactions in the foreign exchange market.According to international bank estimates, the average foreign exchange transaction volume of major foreign exchange markets in the world (London, New York, Tokyo, Singapore, Hong Kong, Zurich, Frankfurt, Paris, etc.) was US $ 75 billion in 1979, and expanded to $ 150 billion in 1984 to $ 150 billionEssenceA survey data from the International Clearance Bank in early 1990 showed that at that time, the global foreign exchange trading volume was close to 900 billion US dollars per day, and it is currently about $ 1.2 trillion.
The above analysis shows that the flow of funds in the international financial market, especially short -term funds, has dominated.Monetary capital has been separated from the world's production and international trade and independent movement, and the phenomenon of separation of monetary capital movements from the commodity movement has also constituted an important feature of contemporary capital flow.
Multinational companies have become the protagonists to promote international capital flow
The flow of contemporary international capital, especially the international direct investment, is a multinational company.Multinational companies have huge capital, huge production scale, advanced science and technology, global business strategies, modern management methods, and worldwide sales networks.The development of national economic economy has played a significant role in promoting.According to statistics, the total overseas sales of multinational companies are as high as 5.5 trillion US dollars, while the total world exports are only $ 4 trillion.The multinational company through foreign direct investment controls the total total of the world's total direct investment of 90%, and its total assets account for 40%of the world's total output value, the trade amount accounts for 50%of the world trade volume, 80%of the control of industrial research and development, the production technology of production technology90%, 75%of the world's technology transfer, and 90%of the technology trade in developing countries.
