Today, LTG GOLDROCK came to talk to you about foreign exchange banks' foreign exchange asset liabilities management ~
The management of foreign exchange asset liabilities of foreign exchange banks refers to the adjustment of foreign exchange assets, liabilities, currencies, interest rates, and structure through foreign exchange banks to minimize foreign exchange trades that need to be carried out due to foreign exchange and loan business and investment business to avoid foreign exchange.risk.The main management content is as follows:
Adjust the expiration date of the long -term position.At any time in the future, banks should make assets as much as possible as the due assets that maturity.Therefore, banks need to statistics according to different currencies, report the mix of assets and liabilities due to the maturity of the liabilities, and manage the accounts in cash flow, and adjust the assets and liabilities that are not paired on the maturity date.Make financing, correspond to the corresponding process of liabilities than assets, and form new assets with the same period.
Adjust foreign currency categories.Banks should be paired on foreign exchange deposits and loans, that is, which foreign currency should banks raise, which foreign currencies should be borrowed, which foreign currencies are recovered when the loan expires, and which foreign currency the bank pays when the funding contract is expired.In layman's terms, banks should work hard to achieve the unity of borrowing, use, and currency, and try to ensure that when borrowing and receiving currency, they do not need to change currency through foreign exchange transactions.
Adjust the expiration date of foreign currency deposit loans.The expiration date of bank foreign currency loans is asymmetric, which not only exists in foreign exchange risks, but also has financing risks.Banks should do a good job in the maturity date of foreign exchange deposits, timely grasp whether there is a lending or over -loan in time for the deposit and loans of each period, check the cumulative amount of asymmetry of some foreign currency liabilities and assets, and evaluate and supervise banks.The degree of financing or liquidity risks to prevent excessive excessive foreign currency deposit loans.
Adjust the interest rates of foreign currency assets and liabilities.Because the high and low interest rates will affect the interest of interest, and the interest of foreign currency receipts is the danger of foreign exchange risk. Therefore, the interest rate of bank adjustments to deposit loans is also associated with the prevention of foreign exchange risks.Since the existing capital borrowed from foreign countries is calculated based on the Bank of London's interbank interest rate (libor), the interest rate of banks issuing foreign exchange loans in China should generally be charged at the floating interest rate and raised interest rates from time to time to carry out interest rates.Adjust and announce, minimize the difference in interest rate foundation between foreign currency assets and liabilities as much as possible, and avoid the risk of interest rates of foreign exchange.The main method of adjusting foreign exchange interest rates is to lower the interest rate of foreign exchange deposits absorbed by "hard currency", and increase interest rates of foreign exchange loans issued with "soft currency".
Reasonably adjust the structure of foreign exchange asset liabilities.In the same currency's assets and liabilities, banks strive to pay for the expired assets in the future, and they can deduct the expired liabilities.When the short -term foreign exchange liabilities have been used for a long time, banks should appropriately increase long -term deposits, compress long -term foreign exchange loans, activate precipitated funds, and improve the liquidity of funds.When long -term foreign exchange liabilities are used in a short period of time, banks cannot blindly increase long -term foreign exchange loans and mechanically pursue terminal symmetry, but must adjust the liability structure to increase low -cost liabilities.Bank foreign exchange liabilities can be changed by incremental adjustment.
Bank asset -liability management methods.The funding business and foreign exchange trading business are essentially intermediary services, and they are served for the demand for foreign exchange funds. Therefore, their foreign currency and liability structures are changing at any time.Do not match, the asset -liability period and interest rate do not match, it is a phenomenon that often occurs in bank operations.Adjusting these imbalances, banks can mainly adopt two means: one is the operation of the currency market, which obtains the ideal asset -liability structure through the short -term investment or lending of foreign currency;Futures contracts, swap contracts (or swap contracts), and option contracts to obtain the ideal asset -liability structure.In fact, derivative financial instruments can not only lock in the price of bank capital transactions and foreign exchange transactions, but also play a role in controlling and reducing foreign exchange risks. It also becomes efficient asset -liability management tools because it does not need to flow large -scale cash flow as spot transactions.
